Abstract
In this chapter, the author focuses on the diversity of beliefs, representations and expectations we have of management according to national or professional culture. To ignore this diversity increases the problems of misunderstanding between management and the employees and can provoke serious management problems in multicultural contexts. Based on research made in African countries, the author shows how important the links between culture and management styles are. Using data from his emprirical study of numerous companies, he demonstrateshow an ignorance or denial of African cultural specificities by African-based company managers or executives is the main reason for their under performance. As an expert on African and Western cultures, the author concludes that African family and community traditions and the economic requirements of companies can co-exist.