Abstract
An adequate design of PSS-oriented business models (PSS BM) should illustrate the link between the strategic objectives of the stakeholders and the operational development of the offer. The literature on PSS explains the content of a business model mostly from the provider’s perspective with a clear operational positioning. This paper considers the strategic positioning of stakeholders in the early stage of the process of value co-creation. More precisely, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive conceptual model that integrates both strategic and operational perspectives of a business model, which is considered here as a system of value co-creation. A system modelling approach, by coupling two modelling methodologies, is proposed. Goal Modelling (GM) is used for the strategic perspective, and Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) for the operational one. GM allows modelling high-level objectives that stakeholders expect from a given system, whereas MBSE supports formal modelling of the engineering process. Combining both modelling frameworks makes it possible to visualize the entire system from strategic and operational perspectives as a unique socio-technical system. The aim of this work is to support the value co-creation process in the early stages of PSS design through the visualization of its key elements (e.g., actors, goals, PSS offers, activities, among others). The implementation of the modelling framework is illustrated through a real example of a French company with respect to the provision of safety clothing for its employees.